This systematic review aimed to address the effectiveness of resilience programs for children and adolescents. Konaszewski K, Niesiobdzka M, Surzykiewicz J. Promoting resilience in adolescents: A new social identity - PLOS The titles and abstracts were screened and selected as either potentially eligible or excluded. Yu Y, Yu Y, Hu J. COVID-19 among Chinese high school graduates: psychological distress, growth, meaning in life and, 38. Includes bibliographical references. 10.1177/0743558403253810 ar ticle journal of adolescent research / july 2003 davey et al. We argue that studies on emerging psychopathology should focus on factors that contribute to both risk and resilience. In essence, there are two main components of resilience: risk or threats to the person or system (e.g. studied school-bullying in 742 adolescents, and found that interpersonal relationship risks (with parents, classmates and teachers) were associated with lower individual resilience and higher risk of being bullied and depression [23]. It is noteworthy that future studies that analyze the effectiveness of programs with different characteristics from those included in the present review, such as interventions implemented online or individually, are still necessary to contribute to the growing evidence in this field and to help developing increasingly effective interventions. (2018). Psychologi cal Reports, 93, - . In essence, there are two main components of resilience: risk or threats to the person or system (e.g. This diversity in characteristics across studies might lead to diverse results, which makes drawing definitive conclusions on programs efficacy more difficult. (Pdf) Resilience Among Adolescents: a Concept, Construct, Process Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, Given this diversity of characteristics, some review studies and meta-analyses have been conducted to evaluate their effectiveness (Leppin et al., 2014; Vanhove et al., 2015; Dray et al., 2017; Hodder et al., 2017; Fenwick-Smith et al., 2018). For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. However, this heterogeneity could also be expected, given the diversity of the studies and the fact that similar reviews found similar results, ranging from moderate (Vanhove et al., 2015; Hodder et al., 2017; Joyce et al., 2018) to high heterogeneity (Dray et al., 2017; Joyce et al., 2018). The effectiveness of a resilience intervention program on emotional intelligence of adolescent students with hearing loss. Offspring of parents with mood disorders: time for more transgenerational research, screening and preventive intervention for this high-risk population. Can resilience be developed at work? Four studies conducted short-term follow-up (3 months) (Chen et al., 2014; Tan and Martin, 2015; Adibsereshki et al., 2019; Hatamizadeh et al., 2020), but two of which did not provide the necessary data to be included in this analysis (Anticich et al., 2013; Adibsereshki et al., 2019). Insight into resilience and its modifiable clinical and epidemiological correlates in children and adolescents is important to inform clinicians and researchers on targets for preventive and early intervention strategies. For studies that had multiple control groups (active and inactive control groups), we opted to conduct the analyses with the inactive control groups to compare if the interventions would be better than no treatment. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. PART I: RESILIENCE SCIENCE. (2014). The importance of resilience in adolescent mental health - Springer An official website of the United States government. Cusinato M, Iannattone S, Spoto A, et al. CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY: Edited by Richa Bhatia. Vanhove A. J., Herian M. N., Perez A. L. U., Harms P. D., Lester P. B. We judged them as high overall bias if they were considered to be at a high risk in at least one domain. Personality traits and depressive symptoms: the moderating and mediating effects of, 15. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Search for Similar Articles Strengthening the resilience of adolescents is central to promoting long-term mental health outcomes, but resilience is a widely used term, often applied in different ways. The subgroup analysis indicated effectiveness only among adolescents resilience (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.08, 0.88], p = 0.02). As resilience is a dynamic process, longitudinal studies are essential [10]. (2021). In this systematic review, we included 17 RCTs. (2015). HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The second study investigated the relationship between self-esteem, resilience, social support and mental health in 1015 adolescents 2 years after the Wenchuang earthquake [29]. Furthermore, they found that the construct of psychological capital was a better predictor than the individual constructs, which shows the strength of combining different components that are related to resilience [17]. violence from grown-ups, catastrophes, death of someone close to you), depressive symptoms and resilience in 9546 adolescents [26]. Although a slightly amorphous concept [34], in this study resilience was measured using a modified ver-sion of Wagnild and Young's [35] resilience scale. 4. The resilience of disabled and female adolescents was not adequately addressed in the study province, Dangila . Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Two cross-sectional studies reported on resilience in children and adolescents living in refugee camps [33,34]. The relationship between creativity and intrusive rumination among Chinese teenagers during the COVID-19 pandemic: emotional, 39. van Haren NEM, Setiaman N, Koevoets MGJC, et al. A retrospective file review in 176 children referred to a Child Abuse Service [18] found that protective factors (individual items: personal skills, peer support and social skills; caregiver: physical and psychological caregiving; and context: educational support) moderated the association between adversity and trauma-related distress. Gender differences in the relationships between different types of childhood trauma and, 26. Literature on resilience published between 1990 and 2000 and relevant to adolescents aged between 12- and 18-years of age was reviewed with the aim of examining the various uses of the term,. (2017) identified programs lasting from 2 days to 10 years. The articles risk of bias was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Higgins and Green, 2011) and judgments were made by consensus. Notably, children who were exposed to higher levels of adversity had fewer protective factors. Liu Q, Jiang M, Li S, Yang Y. Most studies were moderate to high quality, with low cultural competency. Five studies investigated resilience and psychopathology in children and adolescents who had experienced a natural disaster [28,29,3032]. 18. Five cross-sectional studies have investigated resilience in children and adolescents from the general population [13,14,1517]. Among adolescents, such programs seem to reduce internalizing problems (Dray et al., 2017) and even reduce the use of illicit substances (Hodder et al., 2017). This has resulted in the development of new, online preventive intervention tools for children and adolescents at increased risk of psychopathology. We might conclude that the present systematic review contributes to the body of evidence in the field of resilience programs, as it provides an overview of resilience-focused programs for children and adolescents and our results suggest its effectiveness in promoting resilience, especially among adolescents. Last, one study investigated the relationship of resilience with coping strategies in the context of negative life evens. Resilience and Its Contributing Factors in Adolescents in Long-Term Zhao X, Fu F, Zhou L. The mediating mechanism between psychological, 23. Resilience is a crucial aspect in the study of psychopathology in children and adolescents and should be studied in a multisystem approach, including individual, social, familial and cultural context. Resilience theory and research on children and families: past, present, and promise. Therefore, resilience capacity can be enhanced based on strategies that develop these aspects [American Psychological Association (APA), 2020]. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. Zhao et al[21]. Four studies had a longitudinal design. maltreatment, natural disasters, mental illness in parents) and criteria by which successful adaption or recovery is evaluated (e.g. As a result, several resilience-focused programs have been developed and studied. Prevalence of. Resilience and meaning in life served as protective factors for mental health [37]. Most programs were implemented in a school setting (n = 11). Therefore, the present study aimed to answer the following question: are resilience programs with psychotherapeutic approaches for children and adolescents effective in promoting resilience? Given that resilience involves cognitive and behavioral aspects, it could be promoted based on strategies that favor them, especially during childhood and adolescence. Therefore, the greater the heterogeneity, the greater the differences between the results of the studies (Higgins et al., 2003). Resilience is strongly associated with mental health in children and adolescents and deserves a more prominent role in research, prevention programs and routine clinical care. Helmreich I., Kunzler A., Chmitorz A., Knig J., Binder H., Wessa M., et al. Chisholm K., Patterson P., Torgerson C., Turner E., Jenkinson D., Birchwood M. (2016). The exclusion criteria were studies that had no control group or without randomization (wrong study design), samples of adults (wrong population), interventions that had no psychological/psychotherapeutic approach (wrong intervention), studies that did not report resilience as an outcome (wrong outcome), protocol records, and abstracts in conferences. We judged studies with some concerns if they were considered to be at an unclear risk for multiple domains but not to be at a high risk for any domain. Social support, 31. Get new journal Tables of Contents sent right to your email inbox, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0, YCO_2021_08_13_HILLEGERS_YCO340612_SDC1.docx; [Word] (14 KB), Resilience and mental health in children and adolescents: an update of the recent literature and future directions, Articles in Google Scholar by Esther Mesman, Other articles in this journal by Esther Mesman. . Psychological interventions for resilience enhancement in adults. (2019). Adolescent Resilience: Promotive Factors That Inform Prevention Poly-victimization, trauma, and, 24. The application of longitudinal studies and innovative measurement techniques will improve our understanding on the cascade effects of stressors on resilience and mental health outcomes. Given that resilience involves cognitive and behavioral aspects, it could be promoted based on strategies that favor them, especially during childhood and adolescence. Importantly, resilience is not simply the absence of psychopathology but a construct that reflects dynamic adaptation to adversity that can change over time [10]. The purpose of this selected review is to provide an overview of recent work on resilience, its clinical and epidemiological correlates and mental health in children and adolescents. The concept of resilience was originally used in physics to describe "the power of resuming an original shape or position after compression, bending etc." and later applied to humans as "the quality or fact of being able to recover quickly or easily from, or resist being affected by, a misfortune, shock, illness, etc. A meta-analytic review of resilience-building programme effectiveness. 21. ISBN: 978--88868-504-9 (PRINT) ISBN: 978--88868-592-6 (PDF) Promoting resilience in adolescents: A new social identity benefits those who need it most John A. In this direction, other studies demonstrate that results of these programs also seem to be maintained for months after the end of programs (Leppin et al., 2014; Sander et al., 2016; Dray et al., 2017). Real gross domestic product (GDP) increased at an annual rate of 2.4 percent in the second quarter of 2023 (table 1), according to the "advance" estimate released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Hall A, Perez A, West X, et al. resilience, program, children, adolescents, systematic review. Consequently, only 13 studies were included in the meta-analysis (Hyun et al., 2010; Lee and Stewart, 2013; Castro-Olivo, 2014; Chen et al., 2014; Tan and Martin, 2015; Chisholm et al., 2016; Hood et al., 2018; Yeun and Woo, 2018; Druker et al., 2019; Volanen et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2019; Hatamizadeh et al., 2020; Johnstone et al., 2020). Moreover the study illustrated that all these aspects fluctuated over time. Taming the adolescent mind: a randomised controlled trial examining clinical efficacy of an adolescent mindfulness-based group programme. Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on. Clinical Trial Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020179874], [CRD42020179874]. (2017). The pandemic exposes the underlying causes of insecurity, social and economic consequences, and thus challenges the multiple systems contributing to resilience [35]. We calculated the standard mean differences (SMD) of the programs effectiveness. Furthermore, in a study in 1488 Chinese teenagers, creative ideational behavior was positively related to intrusive rumination during the pandemic [38]. However, much less is known about factors that promote normative development or protect children and adolescents at risk for psychopathology. Dray J., Bowman J., Campbell E., Freund M., Wolfenden L., Hodder R. K., et al. 26:399-419 (Volume publication date 21 April 2005) First published online as a Review in Advance on October 26, 2004 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144357 Stevenson Fergus and Marc A. Zimmerman What factors are associated with resilient outcomes in children exposed Preventing diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: results 1 year after participation in the STePS program. (2018). Resilience in Deafness, Adolescence and Gender. Another study in 339 children and adolescents reported that higher levels of resilience were related to fewer symptoms of depression but that prior trauma was not associated with resilience [34], which may reflect the dynamic process of resilience. Hood et al. Despite these promising results, few studies have analyzed the long-term results of such programs and those that did indicate a tendency of effectiveness decrease as the time passes (Vanhove et al., 2015; Dray et al., 2017). PDF Growing Up Resilient - The Centre for Addiction and Mental Health The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global threat for public mental health. Resilient factors that is, goal orientation, self-confidence, social competence, social support and family cohesion were independently of life events all negatively associated with depressive symptoms, illustrating a compensatory effect. All rights reserved. (PDF) Modelling resilience in adolescence and adversity: a novel TP and PL performed the search and data extraction. Each study implemented a different program. 28. Poorer quality in interpersonal relationships (with a parent, teacher, or peers) was related to mental health problems in children. The follow-up analysis also indicated evidence of continuation of results within a period of up to 6 months up (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI [0.44, 0.69], p = 0.02). the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Social strengths did not add to this association. On average, resilience levels were higher among 16-17 year olds who had: consistently close relationships with one or both parents at least one close friend friends they could trust and. We assessed the risk of bias according to the following domains: (D1) random sequence generation, (D2) allocation concealment, (D3) blinding of participants and personnel, (D4) blinding of outcome assessment, (D5) incomplete outcome data, (D6) selective reporting, (D7) cross contamination, and (D8) overall bias. We used the Robvis tool to create risk of bias plots (McGuinness and Higgins, 2020). and transmitted securely. Please try after some time. physical health or subjective wellbeing). Curr Opin Psychiatry 2018; 31:349357. physical health or subjective wellbeing). [15] also found that living with a single parent was associated with lower resilience, which in turn was associated with higher levels of depression. Meta-analyses of random effects were conducted to calculate the standard mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of program effectiveness. In the same direction, CBT was one of the most frequently approaches identified by other systematic reviews (Leppin et al., 2014; Dray et al., 2017). Correlates of resilience included multisystem factors, such as social, cultural, family and individual aspects, which is in line with the multisystem approach as described by recent resilience theories. Figure 2 shows the number of studies published each year. Tel: +31 10 703 62 13; e-mail: [emailprotected]. Therefore, only three studies were included in the short-term follow-up period. Only one study was published in 2010 (Hyun et al., 2010), 2016 (Chisholm et al., 2016), and 2017 (Li et al., 2017). An increase of social stigma over time was associated with higher levels of depression and lower ego-resilience. Cohen JR, Choi JW, Thakur H, Temple JR. Those selected as potentially eligible had their full text retrieved. Furthermore, individuals with lower levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) 6 months after the tornado reported higher levels of resilience. (2014) report programs ranging from 1 to 24 sessions, and Hodder et al. App, a gamified smartphone application, which monitors emotions, thoughts and behaviors in daily life (using ESM), and offers daily challenges using cognitive behavior therapy-based elements to promote adaptive coping. Four studies provided enough data for this analysis (Lee and Stewart, 2013; Druker et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2019; Johnstone et al., 2020). Nine studies performed at least three assessments: before, after, and at least one follow-up (Anticich et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2014; Tan and Martin, 2015; Li et al., 2017; Hood et al., 2018; Adibsereshki et al., 2019; Volanen et al., 2019; Hatamizadeh et al., 2020; Johnstone et al., 2020) and eight studies had only two assessments: before and after the program (Hyun et al., 2010; Lee and Stewart, 2013; Castro-Olivo, 2014; Leventhal et al., 2015; Chisholm et al., 2016; Yeun and Woo, 2018; Druker et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2019). Psychobiological factors of resilience and depression in late life. Relationships among, 16. The GDP estimate released today is based on source data that are incomplete or subject to further revision by the source agency (refer to . Heterogeneity among studies might be considered high (I2 = 88%, 95% CI [81%, 92%], p < 0.001). Its heterogeneity was considered moderate (I2 = 46%, 95% CI [0%, 84%], p = 0.15). We defined a 95% confidence interval (CI) and a statistically significant value of p < 0.05. Resilience may be defined as the ability to recover and adapt to adverse situations. (2019) reported that such programs can be implemented preventively to reduce susceptibility to psychopathologies or as treatment for individuals who already have a mental disorder diagnosis, such as depression (Laird et al., 2019). Figure 1 shows a flow diagram of the study. PDF Resilience in Adolescence, Health, and Psychosocial Outcomes This systematic review of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) aimed to assess resilience-focused programs for children (<12 years old) and adolescents (1222 years old) compared to active (treatment as usual, other program modalities, and educational curriculum at school) or inactive (waiting list, no treatment) control groups. This work was supported by the Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa do Estado de So Paulo (FAPESP; grant numbers: 2019/08921-4 and 2018/09654-7) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnolgico (CNPq; grant number: 309159/2019-9). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. In 253 juveniles sent to educational centers by a family court [27], resilience significantly predicted coping strategies, in particular active coping and seeking support from others. (2019). Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Website (www.co-psychiatry.com). Concepts of Resilience in Adolescent Mental Health Research The Dutch Bipolar Offspring Study: 12-year follow-up. ; robustness . Therefore, we argue that prospective studies on the influence of both risk and resilience in children and adolescents are needed. The procedures for calculations followed the recommendations of Harrer et al. Studies were included if they reported on resilience (measured with a resilience scale) [6,7]; mental health in children aged 018 years, clinical or epidemiological correlates of resilience and N at least 100. (2020) performed only one follow-up at 6 months. There was heterogeneity in the assessment of resilience and study populations. An example of this is the Grow it! 3. Effectiveness of RCT of a CBT intervention for youths who lost parents in the Sichuan, China, earthquake. modify the keyword list to augment your search. Ten studies provided data for this analysis (Hyun et al., 2010; Castro-Olivo, 2014; Chen et al., 2014; Tan and Martin, 2015; Chisholm et al., 2016; Hood et al., 2018; Yeun and Woo, 2018; Volanen et al., 2019; Zhang et al., 2019; Hatamizadeh et al., 2020). Also more parental stress was related to lower levels of resilience in offspring [36]. The developmental period of late adolescence/young adulthood is characterized by transitioning to an independent individual with a self-identity, established health habits and the components of. The extraction sheet contained the following elements: year of publication, country of study, sample size, age and sex of participants, name of the program, number of sessions and length per session, program implementation setting, theoretical approach, scales used to access the outcome, and time of assessment. In this developmental period, adolescents have to struggle with a large number of stress factors. Meta-analyses indicated overall effectiveness of the programs in promoting resilience (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI [0.15, 0.81], p = 0.0077). Although it is difficult to define childhood with exact ages, it may be considered up to 11 years of age (DelGiudice, 2018). (PDF) Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges - ResearchGate Resilience in adolescence: Prospective Self moderates - ScienceDirect Despite this diversity of characteristics, such programs may lead to diverse beneficial outcomes, not only improving resilience itself, but also decreasing stress and depression (Leppin et al., 2014), anxiety symptoms and psychological distress, internalizing problems (Dray et al., 2017), and reducing consumption of illicit substances (Hodder et al., 2017).
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